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F-2025-0011·access-control

Single-step ownership transfer in upgradeable contract

FixedlendingmonadveToken
TL;DR

An upgradeable contract used a single-step ownership transfer, which combined with its upgrade authority makes accidental misconfiguration particularly damaging.

Severity
LOW
Impact
HIGH
Likelihood
LOW
Method
MManual review
CAT.
Complexity
LOW
Exploitability
LOW
02Section · Description

Description

Upgradeable contracts hold powerful authority — they can typically change their own logic. Using a single-step ownership transfer for an upgradeable contract amplifies the risk of accidentally handing that authority to the wrong address.

03Section · Impact

Impact

A typo on transfer can permanently surrender upgrade authority. For upgradeable contracts this is particularly damaging because the new owner can rewrite the contract's logic.

04Section · Recommendation

Recommendation

Use a two-step ownership transfer pattern (OpenZeppelin Ownable2StepUpgradeable) for any upgradeable contract.

Composable Security ID: NRL-6c19a5e-L04. Neverland Money: Fixed. Composable Security: Fix verified during retest.

Status
Fixed
Fix commit
816c394500f1
Fix date
2025-08-22
F-2025-0011