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Security research

Security Research.

Public write-ups on the bugs, patterns, and protocols we audit. Engineer-to-engineer, no fluff.

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Inline Assembly Gas Tricks: Hashing, Loops & Storage Writes That Save 30%+ in Solidity
Smart Contract SecurityApr 23, 2023·5 min

Inline Assembly Gas Tricks: Hashing, Loops & Storage Writes That Save 30%+ in Solidity

Learn how to use inline assembly (Yul) in Solidity to save gas on hashing, loops, math operations, storage writes, zero-address checks, and ETH balance reads — with side-by-side gas comparisons.

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Aave V3 Pool.sol Deep Dive: Supply, Borrow & Withdraw Logic Every Auditor Must Know
DeFi Protocol AnalysisApr 18, 2023·8 min

Aave V3 Pool.sol Deep Dive: Supply, Borrow & Withdraw Logic Every Auditor Must Know

Deep dive into Aave V3 Pool.sol — supply, withdraw, borrow, and repay functions explained. Understand the core smart contract architecture auditors need to know.

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Phishing Attack in Web3: Why You Should Never Use tx.origin
Web3 Attack VectorsMar 7, 2023·6 min

Phishing Attack in Web3: Why You Should Never Use tx.origin

Learn why using tx.origin for authorization in Solidity is vulnerable to phishing attacks, how attackers exploit it, and how msg.sender prevents it.

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Solidity Gas Optimization: Understanding How EVM Works Can Save You Gas
Smart Contract SecurityMar 1, 2023·5 min

Solidity Gas Optimization: Understanding How EVM Works Can Save You Gas

Learn how understanding the Ethereum Virtual Machine internals — cold vs warm access, zero vs non-zero storage, variable packing, and uint sizing — can significantly reduce gas costs in your Solidity smart contracts.

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Reentrancy Attacks in Solidity — Understand Them and Prevent Them
Web3 Attack VectorsFeb 28, 2023·11 min

Reentrancy Attacks in Solidity — Understand Them and Prevent Them

Learn what reentrancy attacks are in Solidity smart contracts, how attackers exploit them, and three prevention techniques including noReentrant modifiers, Checks-Effects-Interactions pattern, and GlobalReentrancyGuard.

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