Public write-ups on the bugs, patterns, and protocols we audit. Engineer-to-engineer, no fluff.
How much did a position earn while in range, over months of crossings, with no loops and one checkpoint? V3 answers in two subtractions by storing the wrong side on purpose.
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Every division in SqrtPriceMath decides where the lost fraction goes. V3 answers the same way every time: the pool wins. Get one flag backwards and you have built a faucet.
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Open the V3 pool contract and look for the price. It is not there. What is stored is the square root, in Q64.96, and that single choice is what makes the swap loop affordable.
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A builder focused Hyperliquid security checklist covering HyperBFT assumptions, HyperCore integrations, HyperEVM deployment risks, and pre audit launch gates before mainnet.
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A builder focused Hyperliquid security checklist covering HyperBFT, HyperCore, HyperEVM, order flow, liquidation, oracle, bridge, and pre audit risks before launch.
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EIP-7702 lets EOAs become smart contracts with one signature. Here are the 4 attack surfaces — phishing, delegate bugs, replay, ERC-4337 — auditors now check.
ReadHow much did a position earn while in range, over months of crossings, with no loops and one checkpoint? V3 answers in two subtractions by storing the wrong side on purpose.
ReadEvery division in SqrtPriceMath decides where the lost fraction goes. V3 answers the same way every time: the pool wins. Get one flag backwards and you have built a faucet.
ReadOpen the V3 pool contract and look for the price. It is not there. What is stored is the square root, in Q64.96, and that single choice is what makes the swap loop affordable.
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A full smart contract audit costs $15k-$100k+. Here is an honest comparison of every option an underfunded web3 founder actually has in 2026: free tools, AI review, audit contests, bug bounties, time-boxed audit sessions, and when each one is enough.
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A senior auditor walks through what actually happens during a smart contract audit, week by week. Pre-audit prep, manual review, findings, fix verification, and final deliverables.
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The 2026 security timeline for Web3 protocols: when to audit at design, dev, pre-launch, and post-launch — plus real lead times, audit costs, and launch buffer rules.
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When LLMs can prepare or sign transactions, smart contract risk expands into prompt injection, policy drift, simulation mismatch, and wallet authority abuse.
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How to audit AI trading bots and onchain agents before prompt injection, wallet misuse, and market-facing automation turn into fund loss.
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Technical analysis of the largest crypto hack ($1.5B). How compromised frontend infrastructure enabled UI injection that turned blind signing into a total drain.
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The ERC-4626 inflation attack still drains vaults in 2026. See the deposit-donate math, real hacks (Cream, Sonne, Resupply), and the invariants that catch it.
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Most 2026 DeFi losses came from compromised signers, not buggy code. How multisig, timelocks, and MPC contain key compromise — lessons from Drift's $285M hack.
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How flash loans amplify oracle, donation, and reentrancy bugs into $200M+ DeFi exploits — Cetus, Penpie, KyberSwap, UwU Lend case studies plus defenses that hold.
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Free Discords, CTFs, audit contest platforms, bootcamps, and paid memberships compared. What each one actually gives a web3 developer, aspiring auditor, or protocol founder in 2026, what it costs, and how to choose.
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Most Web3 founders are technical and ship great code, then watch the protocol die to non-code problems. Tokenomics, fundraising, governance, regulatory, GTM — this is what kills teams.
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The 2026 OWASP Smart Contract Top 10 elevated business logic to #2 and added proxy & upgradeability at #10. Here's what changed and how to audit.
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How to learn Web3 from scratch: the right order to actually understand blockchains, wallets, DeFi, and scams, in a free 90-day path.
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A free, interactive Zealynx Academy course that teaches you to understand Web3 for real, crypto, DeFi, wallets, DAOs, scams, security, not memorize jargon.
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After 30+ audits, we kept seeing failures rooted in missing literacy, not missing code skill. So a security firm built a beginner course. Here's why.
ReadHow to learn Web3 from scratch: the right order to actually understand blockchains, wallets, DeFi, and scams, in a free 90-day path.
ReadA free, interactive Zealynx Academy course that teaches you to understand Web3 for real, crypto, DeFi, wallets, DAOs, scams, security, not memorize jargon.
ReadAfter 30+ audits, we kept seeing failures rooted in missing literacy, not missing code skill. So a security firm built a beginner course. Here's why.
Read
OWASP ASI10 (Rogue Agents) explained: misalignment, reward hacking, deceptive behavior, and how agent autonomy turns policy drift into production impact.
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OWASP ASI08 explained: how small AI agent failures cascade across tools, memories, and approval paths into system-wide incidents.
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OWASP ASI07 (Insecure Inter-Agent Communication) explained: how agents trust each other too much, relay malicious instructions, and amplify prompt injection.
ReadMost 2026 DeFi losses came from compromised signers, not buggy code. How multisig, timelocks, and MPC contain key compromise — lessons from Drift's $285M hack.
Read
OWASP ASI09 (Human-Agent Trust Exploitation) explained: how AI agents exploit anthropomorphism, authority bias, and confirmation fatigue to drive harmful approvals.
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OWASP ASI06 (Memory and Context Poisoning) explained: RAG corruption, vector store attacks, persistent context bias. How to defend AI agent memory layers.
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September 2025 Postmark MCP supply-chain attack: an impersonating npm package BCC'd every email to the attacker. A real-world OWASP ASI04 case, fully analysed.
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OWASP ASI03 (Identity and Privilege Abuse) explained: how AI agents inherit, share, and escalate authority. Real CVEs, multi-tenant bypasses, and mitigations.
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CVE-2025-53109 & CVE-2025-53110 (EscapeRoute): symlink and path-prefix bypass in Anthropic's Filesystem MCP. Mechanism, impact, sandbox lessons.
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